The big banks will be able to write-off the billions of dollars in debt relief they agreed to give to homeowners, but for the homeowners that received that help, the debt relief is treated as taxable income, which can result in large tax bills. There had been a tax exemption for mortgage debt forgiveness, but Congress let this expire on December 31, 2013. While Congress often allows tax breaks to expire, only to reinstate them later, the mortgage debt relief exemption has not yet occurred. This could partly be because there is a movement in Congress to broadly overhaul the entire tax code, and in an election year, this year was considered “small” relative to other tax matters that affect the nation as a whole.
The tax exemption helped homeowners who are underwater in their mortgage – that is, those who owe more on their mortgage than their home is worth (approximately 6.4 million households nationwide). Put in real terms, this means that if you owe $250,000 on your mortgage, and your bank lets you sell it by way of a short sale for $150,000, then the $100,000 difference is treated as taxable income. This would lead to an approximately $28,000 tax bill because of the typical tax laws in which if someone lends you money and then later says you do not have to pay it back, the IRS counts the amount forgiven as income (except in cases of bankruptcy or insolvency). Nationwide, approximately 100,000 people used the mortgage debt relief exemption in 2011. In 2013, however, that number will be much greater, simply because there were approximately 250,000 short sales, yielding an average debt reduction of approximately $37,000. A homeowner in the 25% tax bracket would then face an extra $9,250 tax bill.
What remains to be seen is if Congress recognizes the unfairness of giving the banks a welcome form of tax relief, while piling even more debt upon the innocent homeowner.
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